Wrocław (pronounced Vrots-waf; also known as Breslau, its German name, and English name until 1945) is the largest city in Lower Silesia in Poland.It is home to 630,000 people within the city limits and the metropolitan area has a population of 1.2 million making it the largest city in Western Poland. Malowanie artystyczne, graffiti, reklama, malowanie wielkoformatowe oraz dużo więcej - https://www.graffiti.wroclaw.pl [27][24][28], In the 13th century, Wrocław was the political centre of the divided Polish kingdom. In addition, Wrocław University runs an historical Botanical garden (founded in 1811), with a salient Alpine garden, a lake and a valley. [37] The following year was marked by the publication in Wrocław of the Statuta Synodalia Episcoporum Wratislaviensium (1475) by Kasper Elyan, the first ever Incunable in Polish, containing the proceedings and prayers of the Wrocław bishops. [105], In addition, the city is periodically plagued by the brown rat, especially in the Market Square and in the vicinity of eateries. [31] Polish gradually ceased to be used in the town books, while it survived in the courts until 1337. [187][188] A notable attraction are 102 original gas lanterns which are manually lit each evening by a cloaked lamplighter. [17] In other languages, the city's name is: modern Czech: Vratislav, Hungarian: Boroszló, Hebrew: ורוצלב‎ (Vrotsláv), Yiddish: ברעסלוי‎ (Bresloi), Silesian German: Brassel, and Latin: Vratislavia, Wratislavia or Budorgis.[18][19]. They were built by Pafawag works in Wrocław. [30], After the Mongol invasion the town was partly populated by German settlers who, in the ensuing centuries gradually became its dominant population. Wrocław, bringing the name Breslau while being a German city back in the centuries, was the last stronghold of the Nazis during their retreat from the Allied forces. [6] Since the beginning of the 20th century, the University of Wrocław, previously Breslau University, has produced 9 Nobel Prize laureates and is renowned for its high quality of teaching. Prominent writers from Wrocław, clockwise from upper left: Stanisław Rospond, „Dawny Wrocław i jego okolica w świetle nazewnictwa”, Sobótka, 1970. [189], The early 13th-century Main Market Square (Rynek) is the oldest medieval public square in Poland, and also one of the largest. On 5 June 1443, the city was rocked by an earthquake, estimated at ca. [48] Secret Polish correspondence, weapons, and insurgents were transported through the city. Wrocław is the historical capital of Silesia and Lower Silesia. [60] In 1920 a Polish consulate was opened on the Main Square. It was originally a Slavic town. Although 75 years have passed, it's not uncommon to see and hear the German name still in use, particularly by and for the German nostalgia tourists who come here to seek their roots. [69] Also many other people seen as "undesirable" by the Third Reich were sent to concentration camps. Use that name to find the 23 translations in the main list. The opera house was opened in 1841 and up to 1945 was named after the city's then German name, Oper Breslau. Before World War II there were 303 bridges in the city; now there are about 220. Apr 29th, 2019. wayne lewan. In the Polish language, the city's name Wrocław derives from the name Wrocisław, which is the Polish equivalent of the Czech name Vratislav. [76] Approximately 3,400-3,800 men were imprisoned in three subcamps, among them Poles, Russians, Italians, Frenchmen, Ukrainians, Czechs, Belgians, Yugoslavs, Chinese, and about 1,500 Jewish women were imprisoned in the fourth camp. The history of the city dates back over a thousand years;[5] at various times, it has been part of the Kingdom of Poland, the Kingdom of Bohemia, the Kingdom of Hungary, the Habsburg Monarchy of Austria, the Kingdom of Prussia and Germany. Wrocław is home to Poland's largest shopping mall – Bielany Avenue (pl. Wrocław is also the location of offices for large Polish companies including Getin Holding, AmRest, Polmos, and MCI Management SA. Marii Magdaleny", "Tajemnica pewnego pochówku – Medievalis", "Wrocław hailed European Best Destination 2018! 10 people from Wrocław have won the Nobel Prize. A Polish architect has won the German Design Award 2020 for his innovative metal sculpture in Wrocław, south-western Poland, which looks like a shiny tunnel. The city's last pre-war German school was closed in 1963. We had marvelous stag party at paintball, check CityPaintball, they are 10 mins from center of city. is there a place called kamena near Wroclaw my dad was a forced labourer during ww11 Apr 23rd, 2019. It lies along the Oder River at its confluence with the Olawa, Sleza, Bystrzyca, and Widawa rivers. It was a suffragan of the Archbishopric of Gniezno, the See independent of the German Archbishopric of Magdeburg, which had t… At the end of the Thirty Years' War, however, it was one of only a few Silesian cities to stay Protestant. The 672-kilometre highway beginning at Jędrzychowice connects Lower Silesia with Opole and the industrial Upper Silesian metropolis, Kraków, Tarnów and Rzeszów. [108], According to Wrocław University research from 2017, high concentration of particular matters (PM2.5 and PM 10) in the air causes 942 premature deaths of Wrocław inhabitants per year. It has been called by its Polish name Wrocław ever since. Elżbiety) with its 91.5-metre-high tower and an observation deck at an altitude of 75 metres. A small part of the city was also flooded during the flood of 2010. It was a member of the Hanseatic League (1368-1474) before passing to the Habsburgs (1526) and Prussia (1742). About 70% of the buildings were damaged. Paul Hefftner: Städtische evangelische Realschule I, Ursprung und Bedeutung der Ortsnamen im Stadtkreise Breslau, 1909, S. 9 ff. Przybywa tych ciepłolubnych. [32], With the influx of settlers the town expanded and in 1242 came under German town law. There are many other craft breweries in Wrocław: three brewpubs – Browar Stu Mostów, Browar Staromiejski Złoty Pies, Browar Rodzinny Prost; two microbrewery – Profesja and Warsztat Piwowarski; and seven contract breweries – Doctor Brew, Genius Loci, Solipiwko, Pol A Czech, Baba Jaga, wBrew and Wielka Wyspa. Anna Reply Sep 28th, 2018. [11][12] In February 2021, belonging to Financial Times - fDi Magazine published the report "Global Cities of the Future 2021/2022", in which Wrocław was classified in 1st place among all medium and small cities in the world. Pronunciation of Wroclaw with 3 audio pronunciations, 4 synonyms, 1 meaning, 6 translations, 7 sentences and more for Wroclaw. (FHL book Ref 940 D4si; film 1181578 item 2; fiche 6,000,839. Johannes Adrian von Plencken also became chancellor of the University. In a report by French Respire organization, from 2014, Wrocław was ranked the eighth most polluted European city, with 166 days of bad air quality per year. The coldest month is January (average temperature −0.7 °C), with snow being common in winter, and the warmest is July (average temperature 18.9 °C). [14] The Protestant Viadrina European University at Frankfurt am Oder was relocated to Breslau in 1811, and united with the local Jesuit University to create the new Silesian Frederick-William University (Schlesische Friedrich-Wilhelm-Universität, now the University of Wrocław). Join us as we visit Wrocław, Poland in this travel guide highlighting some of the best things to do in the city. [56] Antisemitic riots occurred in 1923. [192] The Salt Square (now a flower market) opened in 1242 is located at the south-western corner of the Market Square – close to the square, between Szewska and Łaciarska streets, is the domeless 13th-century St. Mary Magdalene Church, which during the Reformation (1523) was converted into Wrocław's first Protestant temple. The following online source contains given names translated into 23 different European languages, including English: . It is famous for its beautiful historical town square (Polish rynek) and cathedral (large church). 3. Name Email Telephone Address Regions served Areas of specialisation Languages Affiliation; Ewa Barycka: ewa.barycka@gmail.com (+48) 510095122: ul. It was called Breslau for a long time. [73] As the war continued, refugees from bombed-out German cities, and later refugees from farther east, swelled the population to nearly one million,[74] including 51,000 forced labourers in 1944, and 9,876 Allied PoWs. Będzie ich aż 2000 (LICZBA STACJI)", "Gdzie jesteśmy - PANEK CarSharing | Auto na Minuty", "Nowy wypożyczalnia aut hybrydowych we Wrocławiu", "Polinka - Wrocław University of Science and Technology", https://stat.gov.pl/vademecum/vademecum_dolnoslaskie/portrety_miast/miasto_Wroclaw.pdf, https://www.wroclaw.pl/prezydent-wroclawia/raport-o-stanie-wroclawia-za-rok-2018#:~:text=%C5%9Arednia%20wieku%20wroc%C5%82awian%20to%20niemal%2043%20lata, "Mapy i plany (Karten, Pläne), Wrocław - 1934 rok, stare zdjęcia", http://www.sbc.org.pl/Content/208447/546_wroclaw_liczby_2000-0000-00-0001.pdf, "Polacy w Breslau (do 1939 roku) | Porta Polonica", http://opip.megiteam.pl/files/0003/1298/KW_pip_nr_9_s43.pdf, "Obcokrajowcy wybierają Wrocław – pracują i studiują | Invest in Wrocław", "Obcokrajowcy coraz częściej wybierają Wrocław", Polish city marks first rabbinic ordination since World War II, "Sprawozdanie z III Ogólnopolskiego Zjazdu Rodzimowierców – Rodzima Wiara – oficjalna strona", "Tak świętują Dziady. Read about Wrocław This video shows you how to pronounce Wroclaw Guide de la prononciation : Apprenez à prononcer [wroclaw] Wrocław en Polonais comme un locuteur natif. )Names are listed alphabetically by the Polish name, as the … The Oder River goes through the city. The city council used both Latin and German, and the early forms of the name "Breslau", the German name of the city, appeared for the first time in its written records. [191] North of the church are so-called "shambles" (Polish: jatki), a former meat market with a Monument of Remembrance for Slaughtered Animals. [52] In January 1864, the Prussian police arrested a number of members of the Polish insurgent movement. [190] It features the ornate Gothic Old Town Hall, the oldest of its kind in the country. [100] The city lies on the Oder River and its four tributaries, which supply it within the city limits – Bystrzyca, Oława, Ślęza and Widawa. New incomers were primarily resettled from areas in the east which Poland lost (Vilnius and Lviv), or from other provinces, notably the regions of Greater Poland, Lublin, Białystok and Rzeszów. [155] The city's population is aging significantly; between 2013 and 2018, the number of seniors (per Statistics Poland – men aged 65 or above and women aged 60 or above) surged from 21.5% to 24.2%. [55] The population was 58% Protestant, 37% Catholic (including at least 2% Polish)[56] and 5% Jewish (totaling 20,536 in the 1905 census). [25] In 1109 during the Polish-German war, Prince Bolesław III Wrymouth defeated the King of Germany Henry V at the Battle of Hundsfeld, stopping the German advance into Poland. The new regime wanted to extinct the German past. After the war many inscriptions in German language were erased. There are several theatres and theatre groups, including Polish Theatre (Teatr Polski) with three stages, and Contemporary Theatre (Wrocławski Teatr Współczesny). The main rail station is Wrocław Główny, which is the largest railway station in Poland by the number of passengers served (21,2 million passengers a year), and perhaps the most important railroad junction alongside Warsaw Central station. Wrocław, Germany: Zakład Narodowy im Ossolińskich, 1975. [76] Many prisoners died, and the remaining were evacuated to the main camp of Groß-Rosen in January 1945. Their authors want to locate the streets and buildings where their ancestors used to live as well as their graves. Other common species are the sparrow, tree sparrow, siskin, rook, crow, jackdaw, magpie, swift, martin, swallow, kestrel, mute swan, mallard, coot, merganser, black-headed gull, great tit, blue tit, long-tailed tit, greenfinch, hawfinch, collared dove, common wood pigeon, fieldfare, redwing, common starling, grey heron, white stork, common chaffinch, blackbird, jay, nuthatch, bullfinch, cuckoo, waxwing, lesser spotted woodpecker, great spotted woodpecker, white-backed woodpecker, white wagtail, blackcap, black redstart, old world flycatcher, emberizidae, goldfinch, western marsh harrier, little bittern, common moorhen, reed bunting, remiz, great reed warbler, little crake, little ringed plover and white-tailed eagle.

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